The surgery takes place in 1 or 3 phases, the follow-up and its adaptation during several months. The dental surgery generally requires local anaesthesia, which takes place in at the dentist or stomatology. Depending on the type of implant used and the patient conditions, the implant will be left in place several months or wil function immediately.

Surgical phase for dental implant

2 starting technics are proposed

• The classic technic : the surgical dentist make an incision in the gum and separates the “flap” from the jaw bone. He then perforates a hole guide (2-4mm in diameter and 10-15 in depth) in the jaw bone o insert the dental implant (cylinder screw in tiatanium).
• The Flapless technic : without separating the gum from the jaw bone, with just a circular opening, the same width as the dental implant. Less trauma for the soft tissues and conservation of the taste buds. This technic can be executed with or without robotic implantology. This depends on the subject in question. The implantology with robotics permits the dentist surgeon to see in direct the zone of intervention.

  2 methodes are proposed

• Swedish method in two steps : once the implants are in place, a screw is place to facilitate the healing process and the flap is stitched around the implant and the healing screw.
• Swiss method in 1 step : In certain conditions the 1 phase technic can be practiced reducing the intervention in 1step. The implantologist do not use the healing screw instead he directly places the temporary prosthesis and immediately stitches the flap at the base of the implant. The definite prosthesis will be able to be used after the osseo-integration.
  
  The surgery takes place 15 to 30 mn

Osseointegration step

This permits the bone to regenarate and to reintegrate the dental implant in a solid maner; known as osseo integration.

This can take from several weeks up to 6 months.

Prosthetic phase

After the success of osseointegration, the surgeon dentist uncovers the head of the implant to prepare it supportal function for the dental prosthesis. Finally he takes the dental imprint to proceed at perfecting the fixed prosthesis or the removable denture. The final adjustments are done on the placed supports of the dental implant.

Innovations and progress in dental implantology

• Medical robotics
  permits the surgeon to plan the intervention in advance and to see in diret the hole guide where the implant wil be placed. This new technology which has been widely used in other surgeries as neurology, cardiovascular and orthopedics, but are rare for the surgeon dentist because of the initial investment. In the near future this technology will gain importance because of it non intrusive method. Occasionaly this method allows the surgeon to avoid opening the gum and to practice the proceedure in one step as mentioned above.